World Ordnance Watch · 世界军武观察

AGM-158C LRASM: The "Silent Hunter" of the Long-Range Anti-Ship Arena / «Тихий охотник» дальнего противокорабельного рубежа

— 亚音速隐身派的代表作，与高超音速突防路线的世纪对照

Ⅰ. Prologue · 序章 · Пролог

When the world's naval powers are obsessed with Mach-9 "Zircon" and Mach-10 YJ-21, the US Navy bet its anti-ship future on a subsonic, stealthy, AI-driven cruise missile: AGM-158C LRASM.

当各大海军强国沉迷于 9 马赫「锆石」与 10 马赫「鹰击-21」时，美国海军却把反舰筹码押在一枚亚音速、隐身化、带 AI 的巡航弹上——AGM-158C LRASM。

Когда весь мир гонится за гиперзвуком — российским «Цирконом» на M=9 или китайской YJ-21 на M≈10, ВМС США сделали ставку на дозвуковую, малозаметную, «умную» крылатую ракету AGM-158C LRASM.

It is not the fastest, nor the most explosive. It is the one that tries to never be seen, never be heard, and still find you at 900 km.

它不最快，也不最猛。它追求的是：看不见、听不到，却能在 900 公里外找到你。

Ⅱ. Lineage & Positioning · 血脉与定位 · Происхождение и ниша

Base airframe: AGM-158B JASSM-ER (Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile – Extended Range)
Developer: Lockheed Martin + DARPA, IOC with B-1B/F/A-18E/F in 2018
Russian counterpart logic: not P-700 Granit (massive supersonic), but closer to a stealthy «Калибр» + AI hybrid — yet even quieter.
Chinese contrast: walks the opposite road from YJ-18 (sub-supersonic combo) and YJ-21 (hypersonic glide).

LRASM = Standoff × Stealth × Autonomy, not Speed × Kinetic Kill.

LRASM 的公式是「防区外 × 隐身 × 自主」，而不是「速度 × 动能撞击」。

Ⅲ. Hard Numbers · 硬参数 · Сухие цифры (C-1 / 1.1 production standard)

Item	Data	中文	Российскими
Length	4.26 m	弹长 4.26 米	4,26 м
Launch weight (air)	~1023–1250 kg	空射重约 1.02–1.25 吨	~1,25 т
Warhead	454 kg WDU-42/B penetrator blast	454 公斤半穿甲高爆	454 кг БЧ
Engine	Williams F107-WR-105 turbofan	F107 小涡扇	ТРДД F107
Speed	0.7–0.9 Ma, subsonic all-way	全程亚音速 0.7–0.9 马赫	0,9 М дозвук
Air-launched range	~930 km hi-alt / 600–650 km sea-skim	空射 930 公里高空 / 600+ 公里掠海	до 930 км
Ship-launched (Mk 41)	~520 km low-alt (booster eats fuel)	舰载垂发约 520 公里	~520 км
C-3 / ER goal	960–1000 km class, FY2026 EOC	C-3 增程型目标 1000 公里级	LRASM-ER ~1000 км
Unit cost	~$3.6–4.0 M (FY2025)	单价 360–400 万美元	~4 млн $

Official admit only >200 nm (370 km); real envelope is 2.5× that.

Ⅳ. The Stealth & Silence Doctrine · 隐身静默学说 · Доктрина «тишины»

LRASM never shouts.

LRASM 从不喊叫。

Low RCS — JASSM-derived facetted body, buried inlet, RAM coat → frontal RCS ~0.01 m² class (some estimates tighter).
RF silence — no active radar in cruise. ESM listens only: ship radars, datalinks, comms. «Receive-only».
IR suppression — buried turbofan exhaust, cooled plume, sea-skimming at wave-top height.
GPS-denied capable — INS + terrain/geo-DB, no satellite needed for terminal run.

In Russian terms: «ракета летает как чайка, излучает как пустота».

用俄语讲——「像海鸥一样飞，像虚空一样静」。

Ⅴ. The Brain: Multi-Mode Autonomous Seek · 制导大脑 · Головка и автономия

Three-phase guidance chain:

三段式制导链：

Mid-course: INS + SAASM GPS → if jammed, pure INS holds track.
Search: ESM passive RF maps the surface group, AI rejects fishing boats & merchant RF.
Terminal: IIR imaging + DSMAC scene match, picks flight deck / bridge / funnel, not just «largest blip».
Network: two-way datalink, retarget mid-flight, multi-missile deconfliction (4-shot F/A-18 test 2024).

It is the first serial anti-ship missile that can be fired with «minimal cue, forget it» in a denied EM environment.

Ⅵ. Platform Web · 发射矩阵 · Семейство носителей

B-1B Lancer — 24 internal, the original «silent carrier-killer» combo.
B-2 Spirit — 16-class internal load, dual-stealth strike (tested 2026 W-Pacific).
F/A-18E/F — 2 underwing, current navy workhorse.
F-35C/B — external only (too big for bay), fit trials 2024–2026.
P-8A — integration done, maritime saturation layer.
F-15E / F-15EX / F-16 — USAF cross-over to anti-ship role.
Mk 41 VLS — booster version, ship/subs, still maturing.
C-130J Rapid Dragon — palletized standoff dump.

USAF plans 11,200 JASSM+LRASM across FY26–33 batches 13–19.

Ⅶ. Doctrine: Distributed Killing · 分布式猎杀 · Распределённый удар

LRASM is the hardware half of Distributed Maritime Operations (DMO):

LRASM 是「分布式海上作战」的硬构件：

Bombers loiter 800 km out, launch 24 missiles per B-1B.
P-8A pops up from beyond horizon, sprays 4–6 rounds.
F-35C flies clean stealth profile, carries 2 outside as insurance.
Mk 41 ships add depth fire.

Result: a saturation wall of silent subsonic trackers, not a Mach-9 lance.

Against A2/AD, the idea is to force a carrier group outside 1000 km or die guessing which blip is real.

Ⅷ. Cross-Compare · 三系对照 · Три школы

School	Rep	Speed	Range (real)	Philosophy
US LRASM	AGM-158C	0.9 Ma	600–1000 km	Stealth + AI + standoff
CN YJ-18	鹰击-18	0.8→3 Ma	~600 km	Sub-supersonic combo, stealth cruise
CN YJ-21	鹰击-21	~10 Ma glide	1000–1500 km	Hypersonic, kinematic kill
RU Zircon	3M22	M9	~600–1000 km	Hypersonic plasma penetration
NO NSM	RBS-15 replacement	0.9 Ma	185–250 km	Light stealth, littoral

LRASM loses the kinematic race but wins the 「first detector wins」 game — if it is never detected.

Ⅸ. Limits · 边界 · Границы

Subsonic → once picked by AWACS+AEW, intercept window is generous vs hypersonic.
Sea-skim range penalty: 930 km claim drops to ~600 km in real profile.
Costly: $4 M a copy, cannot spam small boats.
Mk 41 version still not frontline standard; booster steals range.
C-3 ER slips to ~FY2026 EOC, HALO hypersonic successor awaited 2029+.

Ⅹ. Closing Watch · 观察结语 · Итог наблюдения

LRASM is not built to outrun air defenses. It is built to out-hide them.

LRASM 不是用来跑赢防空的，而是用来躲过防空的。

In the 2020s anti-ship world, two religions coexist:

East/Slavic: «Hit them so fast they can't react» (YJ-21, Zircon).
Anglo-American: «Find them so quietly they don't know they're dead» (LRASM).

The next decade will tell which god answers first — the Mach-10 thunder, or the 0.9-Mach whisper at 0.01 m².

English: AGM-158C is the West's answer to A2/AD — not louder, but quieter.

中文：LRASM 是西方对 A2/AD 的回答——不是更响，而是更静。

Русский: LRASM — ответ Запада на A2/AD не громкостью, а тишиной.

继续阅读：亚音速隐身高超音速 LRASM 锆石鹰击

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