The New High Ground in New Infrastructure Competition: Decoding the Strategic Significance of "Computing Sovereignty Cities"
随着全球数字化进程进入深水区，算力已超越传统的土地、劳动力与资本，成为驱动经济增长和城市治理现代化的核心生产要素。以数据中心、超级计算中心、人工智能计算中心为代表的算力基础设施，正从“技术支撑”转变为“战略底座”，其布局与掌控权直接关系到国家与区域在未来全球分工中的地位。这标志着新基建的竞赛焦点，正从“连接”（5G、物联网）向“智能”（算力、算法）跃迁。而“算力主权城市”概念的兴起，正是这一深刻变革在城市维度最集中的体现。
As global digitization enters a deeper phase, computing power has surpassed traditional factors of production like land, labor, and capital to become the core driver of economic growth and modernization of urban governance. Computing infrastructure, represented by data centers, supercomputing centers, and AI computing centers, is transitioning from a "technical support" to a "strategic foundation." Its layout and control are directly linked to the position of nations and regions in the future global landscape. This signifies a shift in the focus of new infrastructure competition from "connectivity" (5G, IoT) to "intelligence" (computing power, algorithms). The rise of the "Computing Sovereignty City" concept is the most concentrated manifestation of this profound transformation at the urban level.
算力主权城市并非单纯的技术概念，而是一个集技术自主、数据治理、经济赋能与安全韧性于一体的综合性战略框架。其核心内涵是：一座城市为确保在数字时代的根本利益、发展自主权与长期竞争力，对关键计算资源、数据要素及其技术生态，进行战略性掌控、建设、运营与治理的系统性能力。这意味着一座城市需要从被动的“云服务消费者”，转型为主动的“智能基座构建者”与“数字生态主导者”。
A Computing Sovereignty City is not merely a technical concept but a comprehensive strategic framework integrating technological autonomy, data governance, economic empowerment, and security resilience. Its core meaning is: the systematic capability of a city to strategically control, construct, operate, and govern key computing resources, data elements, and their technological ecosystems, in order to safeguard its fundamental interests, developmental autonomy, and long-term competitiveness in the digital era. This signifies a city's transformation from a passive "cloud service consumer" to an active "builder of intelligent foundations" and "leader of the digital ecosystem."
从技术维度看，算力主权城市构建的是自主可控的“城市级数字基座”。这超越了建设几个大型数据中心，而是要求形成包含通用计算、智能计算、超算及边缘计算的异构融合算力网络，并实现高效的“云-边-端”协同调度。更深层的是，它需要在芯片、服务器、基础软件等关键软硬件层面具备可靠的供应链选项与替代能力，减少对单一外部技术体系的绝对依赖，从而保障数字命脉的自主可控。
From a technological perspective, a Computing Sovereignty City constructs an autonomous and controllable "city-level digital foundation." This goes beyond building a few large data centers; it requires the formation of a heterogeneous, converged computing network encompassing general-purpose, intelligent, super, and edge computing, with efficient "cloud-edge-device" collaborative scheduling. At a deeper level, it necessitates reliable supply chain options and substitution capabilities in critical hardware and software such as chips, servers, and foundational software. This reduces absolute reliance on any single external technological system, thereby ensuring the autonomy and security of the city's digital lifeline.
在治理维度，它强调构建安全高效的“城市智能中枢”。这关乎城市对自身产生的公共数据、政务数据及关键产业数据的主权性治理。在《数据安全法》《个人信息保护法》等法规框架下，城市需建立安全、合规、高效的数据流通与利用机制。更重要的是，在城市管理、公共服务等核心场景，能够训练、部署和优化自主可控的算法模型，确保核心决策逻辑的透明、公平与可解释，避免成为外部“黑箱”算法的附庸。
From a governance dimension, it emphasizes building a secure and efficient "urban intelligent hub." This pertains to the city's sovereign governance over the public, governmental, and key industrial data it generates. Within the legal frameworks of laws like the Data Security Lawand the Personal Information Protection Law, cities must establish secure, compliant, and efficient mechanisms for data circulation and utilization. More importantly, in core scenarios like urban management and public services, they must be able to train, deploy, and optimize autonomous and controllable algorithmic models. This ensures the transparency, fairness, and explainability of core decision-making logic, preventing the city from becoming subordinate to external "black-box" algorithms.
从经济视角审视，算力主权城市是驱动“新质生产力”蓬勃发展的核心引擎。本地化的、普惠的、高性能的算力供给，能极大降低前沿科技研发、先进制造、生物医药、数字创意等产业创新的门槛与成本。它不仅能把高附加值的数字经济活动留在本地，更能围绕国产算力生态，培育从硬件、软件到应用服务的完整产业链，形成具有地方特色的创新集群，从而在智能经济中占据价值链的高端环节。
Examined from an economic perspective, a Computing Sovereignty City is the core engine driving the vigorous development of "new quality productive forces." Localized, inclusive, high-performance computing power supply can significantly lower the threshold and cost of innovation for industries like frontier technology R&D, advanced manufacturing, biomedicine, and digital creativity. It not only retains high-value-added digital economic activities locally but also fosters a complete industrial chain—from hardware and software to application services—around the domestic computing ecosystem. This forms distinctive local innovation clusters, enabling the city to occupy high-value segments in the intelligent economy.
算力主权也意味着构建稳固的“城市数字防线”，即安全韧性。在复杂国际形势与网络攻击常态化的今天，城市必须确保其关键算力基础设施的业务连续性与灾难恢复能力。这包括防范网络攻击、应对技术断供风险、以及保障在极端情况下的基础服务不中断。算力主权带来的技术多样性和本地控制力，是提升城市数字系统整体韧性的基石。
Computing sovereignty also implies constructing a robust "urban digital defense line"—security resilience. In today's complex international landscape and normalized state of cyber threats, cities must ensure the business continuity and disaster recovery capabilities of their key computing infrastructure. This includes guarding against cyberattacks, mitigating risks of technological supply cuts, and ensuring the continuity of essential services under extreme circumstances. The technological diversity and local control afforded by computing sovereignty form the cornerstone for enhancing the overall resilience of a city's digital systems.
全球视野下，欧盟通过《数字市场法案》《数字服务法案》及“GAIA-X”云计划，全力捍卫“数字主权”；美国凭借其科技巨头掌控全球算力与生态。中国的“东数西算”工程，则是在国家层面优化算力资源配置、强化整体算力主权的宏伟实践。对城市而言，在这一宏观布局中找准自身定位，打造区域性算力枢纽或智算高地，正是争夺未来发展主动权的关键举措。
From a global perspective, the European Union is vigorously defending its "digital sovereignty" through the Digital Markets Act, Digital Services Act, and the "GAIA-X" cloud initiative. The United States leverages its tech giants to control global computing power and ecosystems. China's "East Data, West Computing" project is a grand practice at the national level to optimize computing resource allocation and strengthen overall computing sovereignty. For individual cities, finding their precise positioning within this macro-layout and building regional computing hubs or AI computing highlands is a key move to seize the initiative for future development.
实现算力主权，路径绝非单一。它需要顶层设计、政策引导、产业协同与持续投入。城市需制定长期算力发展规划，通过建设公共算力平台、开放应用场景、孵化本地企业、培养专业人才、建立安全保障体系等多措并举，逐步构建健康的算力产业生态。其目标并非闭门造车，而是在开放合作中，掌握关键技术选择权、产业发展主导权和规则制定参与权。
Achieving computing sovereignty requires a path far from singular. It necessitates top-level design, policy guidance, industrial collaboration, and sustained investment. Cities must formulate long-term computing power development plans. Through multiple measures—such as constructing public computing platforms, opening application scenarios, incubating local enterprises, cultivating professional talent, and establishing security assurance systems—they can gradually build a healthy computing industry ecosystem. The goal is not to isolate oneself but to master the right to choose key technologies, lead industrial development, and participate in rule-making within the context of open cooperation.
总而言之，从“新基建”到“新智基”，算力主权城市的角逐，本质上是城市在数字文明时代对自身发展命运主导权的深刻重塑。这不再是一场关于“拥有多少服务器”的竞赛，而是一场关于谁掌控智能时代的“核心动力”、谁能孕育下一代产业形态、谁能确保数字空间中的安全与尊严的综合性战略竞争。率先理解并布局算力主权的城市，将在未来数十年的全球城市格局中，赢得至关重要的先发优势。
In conclusion, the competition to become Computing Sovereignty Cities, evolving from "new infrastructure" to "new intelligent foundations," is essentially a profound reshaping of cities' agency over their own developmental destiny in the digital civilization era. This is no longer a race about "how many servers one owns," but a comprehensive strategic competition about who controls the "core engine" of the intelligent era, who can nurture the next generation of industrial forms, and who can ensure security and dignity in digital space. Cities that first comprehend and strategically position themselves for computing sovereignty will gain a crucial first-mover advantage in the global urban landscape of the coming decades.
那么国内哪几个城市最有机会呢？
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